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Exam 28: Protists

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Question 21

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You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile, using many short extensions of the cytoplasm, each featuring the 9 + 2 filament pattern. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large and one small. This organism is most likely to be a ________.

A) foraminiferan
B) radiolarian
C) ciliate
D) kinetoplastid

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 22

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A P. bursaria cell that has lost its zoochlorellae is aposymbiotic. If aposymbiotic cells have population growth rates the same as those of healthy, zoochlorella-containing P. bursaria in well-lit environments with plenty of prey items, then such an observation would be consistent with which type of relationship?

A) parasitic
B) competitive
C) toxic
D) mutualistic

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Question 23

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Which of the following groups is matched with a correct anatomical feature?

Super cells characteristic of plasmodial slime molds result when which one of the following common cellular processes does not occur?

Consider the following data: (a) Most ancient eukaryotes are unicellular. (b) All eukaryotes alive today have a nucleus and cytoskeleton. (c) Most ancient eukaryotes lack a cell wall. Which of the following conclusions could reasonably follow the data presented? The first eukaryote may have been ________.

SAR is a group defined by DNA similarities. This grouping represents ________.

Dinoflagellates ________.

Which of the following pairs of protists and their ecological roles are correctly matched?

According to the phylogeny presented in this chapter, which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as plants?

You are given four test tubes, each containing an unknown protist, and your task is to read the following description and match these four protists to the correct test tube. When light, especially red and blue light, is shone on the tubes, oxygen bubbles accumulate on the inside of test tubes 1 and 2. Chemical analysis of test tube 1 indicates the presence of a chemical that is toxic to fish and humans. Chemical analysis of test tube 2 indicates the presence of substantial amounts of silica. Microscopic analysis of organisms in test tubes 1, 3, and 4 reveals the presence of permanent, membrane-bounded sacs just under the plasma membrane. Microscopic analysis of organisms in test tube 3 reveals the presence of an apicoplast in each. Microscopic analysis of the contents in test tube 4 reveals the presence of one large nucleus and one small nucleus in each organism. Test tube 4 contains ________.

Use the following description and table to answer the question. Diatoms are encased in petri-plate-like cases (valves) made of translucent hydrated silica whose thickness can be varied. The material used to store excess calories can also be varied. At certain times, diatoms store excess calories in the form of the liquid polysaccharide, laminarin, and at other times as oil. The following are data concerning the density (specific gravity) of various components of diatoms, and of their environment. Specific Gravities of Materials Relevant to Diatoms Water's density and, consequently, its buoyancy decrease at warmer temperatures. Considering the impact of temperature, and the table above, in which environment should diatoms sinking be slowest?

Trypanosome infections evade attacks by host immune systems through which of the following mechanisms?

Green algae differ from land plants in that many green algae ________.

The chloroplasts of land plants are thought to have been derived according to which evolutionary sequence?

You are given four test tubes, each containing an unknown protist, and your task is to read the following description and match these four protists to the correct test tube. When light, especially red and blue light, is shone on the tubes, oxygen bubbles accumulate on the inside of test tubes 1 and 2. Chemical analysis of test tube 1 indicates the presence of a chemical that is toxic to fish and humans. Chemical analysis of test tube 2 indicates the presence of substantial amounts of silica. Microscopic analysis of organisms in test tubes 1, 3, and 4 reveals the presence of permanent, membrane-bounded sacs just under the plasma membrane. Microscopic analysis of organisms in test tube 3 reveals the presence of an apicoplast in each. Microscopic analysis of the contents in test tube 4 reveals the presence of one large nucleus and one small nucleus in each organism. Test tube 1 contains ________.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella ________.

Use the following description and table to answer the question. Diatoms are encased in petri-plate-like cases (valves) made of translucent hydrated silica whose thickness can be varied. The material used to store excess calories can also be varied. At certain times, diatoms store excess calories in the form of the liquid polysaccharide, laminarin, and at other times as oil. The following are data concerning the density (specific gravity) of various components of diatoms, and of their environment. Specific Gravities of Materials Relevant to Diatoms Water's density and, consequently, its buoyancy decrease at warmer temperatures. Based on this consideration, and using data from the table above, at which time of year should one expect diatoms to be storing excess calories mostly as oil?

Use the following figure to answer the question. "Rare events" can help us understand evolutionary events, as shown in the figure. Which of the following statements explains the logic of this approach?

Which group is incorrectly paired with its description?

In order to determine the "root" of the eukaryote phylogenetic tree, scientists should ________.