Question 1

In Bronfenbrenner's model, a hospital in the community is an example of which system?

Accepted Answer

A)   the ecosystem
B)   the microsystem
C)   the health-care system
D)   the exosystemE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Scientific observation allows for the:

Accepted Answer

A)   study of individuals' reactions and behaviors.
B)   determination of cause-and-effect relationships.
C)   precise control of the environment.
D)   systematic manipulation of variables.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The general term for a concept that is created by society is:

Accepted Answer

A)   culture.
B)   a cohort.
C)   a social construction.
D)   SES.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Social constructions are ideas created by one's:

Accepted Answer

A)   status.
B)   education.
C)   society.
D)   physical characteristics.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Some social scientists believe that using a term such as _____ exaggerates minor differences between people.

Accepted Answer

A)   white
B)   diversity
C)   genetic analysis
D)   cultureE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Why is it important for academic disciplines and professional societies to follow codes of ethics?

Accepted Answer

It is important to p...

Question 7

A systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change over time is a:

Accepted Answer

A)   hypothesis.
B)   developmental theory.
C)   conclusion.
D)   stage.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

What does the science of human development seek to understand?

Accepted Answer

A)   the meaning of life
B)   theories that have not been subjected to scientific testing
C)   the works of Freud, Piaget, and Erikson
D)   how and why people change over timeE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Define and discuss the term plasticity as it relates to human development. What influences plasticity in development? Offer at least one example of plasticity that has operated or is operating in your own life.

Accepted Answer

Students should include both aspects of ...

Question 10

Why are theories considered so important in science?

Accepted Answer

Each developmental theory is a systemati...

Question 11

In order to minimize subjective opinions that arise from research, it is important to employ the _____ method.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to minimize subjective opinions that...

Question 12

What is replication of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)   the repetition of a study using different participants
B)   the repetition of a study using the same participants
C)   designing a new study based on information from a previous study
D)   designing a new study using new ideas and informationE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which type of research design is the most complex and beneficial way to study change over time?

Accepted Answer

A)   cohort-sequential
B)   cross-sectional
C)   meta-sequential
D)   longitudinalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which cognitive theorist emphasized the cultural context?

Accepted Answer

A)   Piaget
B)   Vygotsky
C)   Maslow
D)   DarwinE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

If a researcher finds that there is a correlation between secondhand smoke and children's asthma, he knows for SURE that:

Accepted Answer

A)   secondhand smoke causes children's asthma.
B)   secondhand smoke does not cause children's asthma.
C)   children exposed to smoke in utero often get asthma.
D)   asthma and secondhand smoke have some relationship.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Describe two similarities and two differences between the theories of Freud and Erikson.

Accepted Answer

Similarities include that both men were ...

Question 17

Which factor has NOT been linked to depression?

Accepted Answer

A)   low exposure to daylight
B)   a life crisis
C)   high levels of serotonin
D)   povertyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Maslow's self-actualization refers to physiological needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In longitudinal research, the same people are measured over a period of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Nature is more important than nurture in how a trait or behavior is expressed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: The Science of Development

Scientific observation allows for the:

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Which type of research design is the most complex and beneficial way to study change over time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it important for academic disciplines and professional societies to follow codes of ethics?

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is important to p...View AnswerShow Answer

Social constructions are ideas created by one's:

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Maslow's self-actualization refers to physiological needs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In longitudinal research, the same people are measured over a period of time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the science of human development seek to understand?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are theories considered so important in science?

Correct AnswerverifiedEach developmental theory is a systemati...View AnswerShow Answer

Which factor has NOT been linked to depression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nature is more important than nurture in how a trait or behavior is expressed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a researcher finds that there is a correlation between secondhand smoke and children's asthma, he knows for SURE that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to minimize subjective opinions that arise from research, it is important to employ the _____ method.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cognitive theorist emphasized the cultural context?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define and discuss the term plasticity as it relates to human development. What influences plasticity in development? Offer at least one example of plasticity that has operated or is operating in your own life.

Correct AnswerverifiedStudents should include both aspects of ...View AnswerShow Answer

The general term for a concept that is created by society is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Bronfenbrenner's model, a hospital in the community is an example of which system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some social scientists believe that using a term such as _____ exaggerates minor differences between people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change over time is a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe two similarities and two differences between the theories of Freud and Erikson.

Correct AnswerverifiedSimilarities include that both men were ...View AnswerShow Answer

What is replication of a study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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It is important to p...
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Each developmental theory is a systemati...
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Students should include both aspects of ...
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Similarities include that both men were ...
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