Question 1

What role did the "enclosure" movement play in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England?

Accepted Answer

A)   It created a crisis where many people had no way to make a living.
B)   Queen Mary's failure to address the problem helped lead to her overthrow.
C)   Spain reacted by launching an invasion of England.
D)   Poverty rates were worse in New England than England.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

The Diggers of Great Britain:

Accepted Answer

A)   proposed building a tunnel to Rome to surprise and overpower the Catholic Church, thereby eliminating a source of controversy in English society.
B)   sought to eliminate male ownership of land as a means of promoting social equality for women.
C)   influenced the development of the American colonies, because some of their members and ideas crossed the Atlantic to the New World.
D)   executed King James I.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Opechancanough:

Accepted Answer

A)   emphasized peaceful relations with the English colonists in Virginia.
B)   was responsible for his brother Powhatan's death.
C)   killed John Smith.
D)   mounted a surprise attack against Plymouth in the 1620s.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?

Accepted Answer

A)   They were so determined to keep them apart that they banned ministers from holding office, fearing that they would enact proreligious legislation.
B)   They allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish a church and levy a tax to support the minister.
C)   The Massachusetts Bay Colony endorsed the Puritan faith but allowed anyone the freedom to practice or not practice religion.
D)   They had never even heard of the concept.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The Half-Way Covenant of 1662:

Accepted Answer

A)   set up civil government in Massachusetts.
B)   allowed Baptists and Quakers to attend, but not join, Puritan churches.
C)   gave women limited voting rights in Puritan congregations.
D)   did not require evidence of conversion to grant a kind of church membership.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Maryland was similar to Virginia in that:

Accepted Answer

A)   both started out as proprietary colonies.
B)   tobacco proved crucial to its economy and society.
C)   John Smith had to take over the colony and organize its settlers to work.
D)   both offered settlers total religious freedom.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization?

Accepted Answer

A)   The English constitutional system would improve on Spain's less structured system in the New World.
B)   English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny.
C)   The only way to achieve true freedom was through wealth, and the abundant gold in the New World would make all Englishmen wealthy.
D)   A person was only truly free when outside the constraints of established societies such as those in Europe.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:

Accepted Answer

A)   made up less than one-third of English settlers in America.
B)   had to surrender their freedom for a minimum of ten years to come to the colonies.
C)   had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.
D)   had to pay half of the fare to get them to the New World.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Boston merchants:

Accepted Answer

A)   challenged the subordination of economic activity to Puritan control.
B)   refused to trade with anyone outside the Puritan faith.
C)   paid for Anne Hutchinson's prosecution.
D)   had enjoyed widespread freedom to trade since the establishment of the colony.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The Massachusetts General Court:

Accepted Answer

A)   reflected the Puritans' desire to govern the colony without outside interference.
B)   was chosen by the king.
C)   was chosen by the governor.
D)   ruled the colony from its beginnings in 1630.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s?

Accepted Answer

A)   Because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic.
B)   Because of the Spanish Armada's successful invasion of Great Britain in 1588.
C)   Because Spain had allied with France to invade English colonies in the New World.
D)   Because one of Henry VIII's beheaded wives was a Spanish princess, and the Spanish government announced it would be at war with England until Henry apologized.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

In England, the idea of working for wages:

Accepted Answer

A)   was so dishonorable that many refused to accept money for their work and instead received food and shelter.
B)   was associated with servility and the loss of liberty.
C)   was romanticized in ballads and tales.
D)   meant true freedom.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

In the seventeenth century, New England's economy:

Accepted Answer

A)   grew at a very slow rate because few settlers moved to the region.
B)   suffered because most early settlers were poor and could not gain access to land.
C)   centered on family farms and also involved the export of fish and timber.
D)   boasted a significant manufacturing component that employed close to one-third of all men.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

During the reign of ________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there.

Accepted Answer

A)   Elizabeth I
B)   Mary I
C)   James I
D)   James IIE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

When comparing English colonies to Spanish ones:

Accepted Answer

A)   only Spain was interested in finding gold.
B)   England used Native Americans more for labor.
C)   England sent more people to the Americas in the seventeenth century.
D)   Spain relied much more on indentured servant labor.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

The separation of church and state in Massachusetts during the seventeenth century:

Accepted Answer

A)   was strictly enforced.
B)   was similar to Virginia's colonial government.
C)   is similar to the way the government is conducted in today's United States.
D)   does not resemble today's U.S. government.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:

Accepted Answer

A)   there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whom the British government aided with an early form of welfare.
B)   efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.
C)   mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the Catholic Church took better care of the poor.
D)   there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Roger Williams argued that:

Accepted Answer

A)   church and state must be totally separated.
B)   Puritans must stay in the Church of England and reform it.
C)   religious wars were necessary to protect not only religion, but also freedom.
D)   Puritans were on a divine mission to spread the true faith.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

For most New Englanders, Indians represented:

Accepted Answer

A)   savagery.
B)   teachers.
C)   curiosities.
D)   culture.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

During the English political upheaval between 1640 and 1660:

Accepted Answer

A)   new religious sects began demanding the end of public financing and special privileges for the Anglican Church.
B)   groups began calling for the elimination of a written English constitution on the grounds that kings merely abused its privileges.
C)   writer John Milton called for an end to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, because it caused too much controversy.
D)   the execution of King Charles II led to new debates about crime and punishment.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Exam 2: Beginnings of English America, 1607-1660

The separation of church and state in Massachusetts during the seventeenth century:

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Boston merchants:

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The Massachusetts General Court:

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During the reign of ________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there.

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In England, the idea of working for wages:

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Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s?

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The Diggers of Great Britain:

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When comparing English colonies to Spanish ones:

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The Half-Way Covenant of 1662:

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For most New Englanders, Indians represented:

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As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:

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During the English political upheaval between 1640 and 1660:

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Maryland was similar to Virginia in that:

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How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization?

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How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?

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In the seventeenth century, New England's economy:

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Opechancanough:

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During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:

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Roger Williams argued that:

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What role did the "enclosure" movement play in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England?

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