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Three Arrows Inc.is a company that manufactures bags from recycled paper.Its marketers receive complaints that the bags easily become wet and tear after a few weeks of use.They decide to respond to their customers' needs by using a thicker,waterproof paper.This is an example of _____.


A) ​product placement
B) functional modification
C) planned obsolescence
D) ​quality modification

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Define express and implied warranty.

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Answers will vary.An express warranty is a written guarantee.Express warranties range from simple statements-such as "100-percent cotton" (a guarantee of quality)and "complete satisfaction guaranteed" (a statement of performance)-to extensive documents written in technical language. In contrast,an implied warranty is an unwritten guarantee that the good or service is fit for the purpose for which it was sold.All sales have an implied warranty under the Uniform Commercial Code.Please see the section "Product Warranties" for more information.

Explain the importance of product offerings in creating a marketing mix.

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Answers will vary.The product offering,t...

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A difference between informational labeling and persuasive labeling is that informational labeling:


A) ​focuses on a promotional theme or logo rather than consumer information.
B) increases a consumer's cognitive dissonance after a purchase.
C) helps a consumer make proper product selections when making a purchase.
D) ​gives an impression of environmental friendliness to a product.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Eve's Aura,a manufacturer of bath and beauty products,predominantly sells convenience products.Given this information,which of the following is a characteristic of Eve's Aura's products?


A) ​They are bought very rarely by consumers.
B) They require wide distribution in order to sell sufficient quantities.
C) They are purchased after more planning effort than specialty products.
D) ​They will be more expensive than shopping products.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Compare the four categories of consumer products with examples of each category.

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Answers will vary.Convenience products are relatively inexpensive items that require little shopping effort.The products are bought regularly,usually without significant planning.Convenience products may include candy,soft drinks,aspirin,small hardware items,dry cleaning,car wash services,and so on. Shopping products are usually more expensive than convenience products and are found in fewer stores.Consumers spend some effort comparing brands and stores.Shopping products may include washers,dryers,refrigerators,televisions,furniture,clothing,housing,choice of university,and so on.Specialty products are those exclusive items for which consumers are willing to search extensively.Consumers are extremely reluctant to accept substitutes for specialty products.Brand names and service quality are important.Fine watches,luxury cars,expensive stereo equipment,gourmet restaurants,and specialized medical services could all be considered specialty.products.Unsought products are those that the buyer does not know about or does not actively seek to buy. These products include insurance, burial plots, and other similar items. Please see the section "Types of Consumer Products" for more information.

Which of the following statements is true of an organization's product mix?


A) ​Firms widen their product mix to capitalize on established reputations.
B) A wide product mix decreases sales and profit-making potential.
C) A wide product mix means that that the product line is deep.
D) ​All product items in a product mix follow a standard marketing strategy.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The universal product codes (UPC)system and scanners are used in scanner-based research.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the significance of product mix width and product line depth in marketing.

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Answers will vary.Product mix width (or breadth)refers to the number of product lines an organization offers.Product line depth is the number of product items in a product line.Firms increase the width of their product mix to diversify risk.To generate sales and boost profits,firms spread risk across many product lines rather than depend on only one or two.Firms also widen their product mix to capitalize on established reputations.Firms increase the depth of their product lines to attract buyers with different preferences,to increase sales and profits by further segmenting the market,to capitalize on economies of scale in production and marketing,and to even out seasonal sales patterns. Please see the section "Product Items,Lines,and Mixes" for more information.

Dunchen Moo,a manufacturer of dairy products,sells a variety of milk powders,flavored whipped cream,and yogurts.It markets a number of yogurts including Dunchen All Natural,Dunchen Fruit on the Bottom,Dunchen Light & Fit,DunActive,and Dun-o-nino.The large variety of yogurts under the Dunchen brand are collectively an example of a _____.


A) ​market segment
B) target market
C) product mix
D) ​product line

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Greenwashing is the term used to describe industrial processes that cause pollution above the permissible limit set by the government.

A) True
B) False

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Washers,dryers,refrigerators,and televisions are examples of unsought products.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is true of an express warranty?


A) ​It gives the impression of environmental friendliness to a product.
B) It is an unwritten guarantee that a good or service is fit for the purpose for which it is sold.
C) It prohibits other firms from using a brand or part of a brand without permission.
D) It ranges from simple statements to extensive documents written in technical language.​

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Identify a true statement about a product.


A) ​An excellent distribution channel can compensate for an inferior product.
B) A consumer product and an industrial product is differentiated based on the price.
C) It is the marketing mix that can be decided after choosing a promotion strategy.
D) ​It is usually the starting point in creating a marketing mix for a market segment.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Lisa goes to an electronic goods store to purchase a washing machine.After comparing the various brands of washing machines available,their technical features,prices,and durability,she purchases one that is cheaper and smaller in size than the rest.In this case,Lisa purchases a _____.


A) ​shopping product
B) business product
C) specialty product
D) ​convenience product

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Insurance,burial plots,and similar items fall under the convenience products category.

A) True
B) False

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A _____ occurs when a company's management decides to add products to an existing product line in order to compete more broadly in the industry.


A) ​product line reeling
B) product line extension
C) product line classification
D) ​product line contraction

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a reason why many retailers are creating and promoting their own captive brands?


A) ​Captive brands carry evidence of a store's affiliation and are available everywhere.
B) Captive brands are displayed separate from mainstream products in a store.
C) This strategy allows retailers to ask a price similar or equal to manufacturers' brands.
D) ​This strategy allows retailers to market private brands as inferior to manufacturers' brands.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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_____ is designed to help consumers make proper product selections and lower their cognitive dissonance after a purchase.


A) ​Informational labeling
B) Persuasive labeling
C) Perspective labeling
D) ​Promotional labeling

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Services and ideas are not considered products because they are intangible.

A) True
B) False

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