Question 1

A one-dimensional causal model

Accepted Answer

A)   uses only one perspective, such as behaviorism, to treat a disorder.
B)   attributes a disorder to a single cause.
C)   notes that many paths lead to the same disorder.
D)   looks at only one disorder at a time.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) ,there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Accepted Answer

A)   be far more easily treated than those with physical disorders.
B)   seek help for their disorders but be more likely to receive insufficient treatment thanThose with physical illness.
C)   be ignored by mental health professionals when they seek help.
D)   not seek and receive the treatment and support of others that are most needed for recovery.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

GABA,dopamine,and norepinephrine are all examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   electrical brain waves
B)   neurons
C)   neurotransmitters
D)   areas of the brainE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Cross-fostering studies indicate that the environmental effects of early parenting

Accepted Answer

A)   had no effect on any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.
B)   seem to override any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.
C)   had no effect on future generations in the expression of personality traits or temperament.
D)   had random effects on any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

According to your text's discussion of how neurotransmitters such as serotonin work,the term "biochemical imbalance" for the cause of disorders such as depression is probably _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   an oversimplification
B)   about accurate
C)   completely incorrect
D)   a perfect descriptionE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears to be linked to the area of the brain called the __________________.The implications of this finding are that__________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   orbital frontal cortex; although the disorder is related to a particular brain circuit, the causes of the disorder are not necessarily completely biological
B)   orbital frontal cortex; the disorder is probably due only to brain damage in this area
C)   occipital lobe; although the disorder is related to a particular brain circuit, the disorder causes the abnormalities in the brain
D)   occipital lobe; the disorder is most likely due to purely psychological causesE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Accepted Answer

A)   have frequent social contacts.
B)   live in group settings.
C)   have fewer social contacts.
D)   receive increased attention from their families when they are sick.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

The significance of the study conducted by Insel,Champoux,Scanlan,and Scoumi (1988) in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A)   have very direct effects on behavior.
B)   influence behavior in different ways depending upon the psychological history of the individual.
C)   influence individuals in fairly direct and consistent ways regardless of the psychological history of the individual.
D)   have few reliable and consistent effects on observed behavior.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The significance of the human cerebral cortex is that,in comparison to the brains of animals,it makes our _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   instincts stronger
B)   thoughts distinct
C)   motor responses faster
D)   immune functioning superiorE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Psychoactive medications (drugs that impact our thoughts,emotions,and behavior)usually alter neurotransmitters in the brain.Explain how both an agonist and an antagonist operate on a neurotransmitter.Explain the process of reuptake inhibition and the effect it has on a neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

Agonists increase the effects of a trans...

Question 11

According to the multidimensional integrative approach to psychopathology,the following statement is true for most psychological disorders:

Accepted Answer

A)   If one monozygotic twin has a particular disorder, the other twin will definitely have the disorder as well
B)   Monozygotic twins are no more likely to share psychological disorders than any other siblings
C)   Monozygotic twins are no more likely to share disorders than any other two people selected at random from the population
D)   If one monozygotic twin has a particular psychological disorder, the other twin is more likely to have the disorder than the rest of the populationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Children who are resistant to stress are considered to be _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   resilient
B)   reliant
C)   resistant
D)   reactiveE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

Regarding biological influences on the development of psychopathology,the most accurate statement is

Accepted Answer

A)   both genetics and life events play a part in the development of brain structure and function that can affect vulnerability to psychopathology.
B)   life events can only cause changes in brain structure or function for those with genetic defects.
C)   early life events play a much greater role in the development of brain structure or function than genetics.
D)   vulnerability to psychopathology has little to do with the brain changes associated with genetics or early life events.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Looking at the findings of many cross-fostering studies (Francis et al.,1999,Suomi,1999,Tienari et al.,1994) it appears that positive interventions such as good parenting in early life may

Accepted Answer

A)   have little effect in terms of preventing psychopathology in those genetically predisposed to such conditions.
B)   dramatically change the genetics of individuals genetically predisposed to psychopathology.
C)   have a greater effect on future generations than on the individual exposed to the "good parenting."
D)   override the genetically influenced tendency to develop psychopathology in later life.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

The fact that women are more likely to suffer from insect phobias than men is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)   biological differences.
B)   differences in neurochemical pathways.
C)   cultural expectations.
D)   genetic influences.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)   agonists
B)   antagonists
C)   enhancers
D)   psychotropicsE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebral cortex
B)   brain stem
C)   midbrain
D)   basal gangliaE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

In the diathesis-stress model,"diathesis" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   an inherited disorder.
B)   conditions in the environment that can trigger a disorder depending upon how severe the stressors are.
C)   an inherited tendency or condition that makes a person susceptible to developing a disorder.
D)   the inheritance of multiple disorders.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Insel,Champoux,Scanlan,and Scoumi (1988) raised one group of rhesus monkeys with the ability to control things in their environment and another group of monkeys who had no control of their environment (e.g.,when they would receive treats and toys) .When injected with a drug that produces a feeling of severe anxiety,the monkeys

Accepted Answer

A)   raised with a sense of control appeared angry and aggressive while the monkeys raised without a sense of control appeared very anxious.
B)   raised with a sense of control appeared anxious while the monkeys raised without a sense of control appeared angry and aggressive.
C)   in both groups appeared anxious.
D)   in both groups appeared angry and aggressive.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Accepted Answer

A)   biological and psychological causes.
B)   biological causes only.
C)   learned helplessness and social learning theory.
D)   the physical structure and chemical processes of the brain.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

According to the multidimensional integrative approach to psychopathology,the following statement is true for most psychological disorders:

Correct Answer
verified

Looking at the findings of many cross-fostering studies (Francis et al.,1999,Suomi,1999,Tienari et al.,1994) it appears that positive interventions such as good parenting in early life may

Correct Answer
verified

The fact that women are more likely to suffer from insect phobias than men is most likely due to

Correct Answer
verified

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Cross-fostering studies indicate that the environmental effects of early parenting

Correct Answer
verified

The significance of the study conducted by Insel,Champoux,Scanlan,and Scoumi (1988) in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Correct Answer
verified

In the diathesis-stress model,"diathesis" refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Correct Answer
verified

The significance of the human cerebral cortex is that,in comparison to the brains of animals,it makes our _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

According to your text's discussion of how neurotransmitters such as serotonin work,the term "biochemical imbalance" for the cause of disorders such as depression is probably _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

GABA,dopamine,and norepinephrine are all examples of __________.

Correct Answer
verified

A one-dimensional causal model

Correct Answer
verified

Psychoactive medications (drugs that impact our thoughts,emotions,and behavior)usually alter neurotransmitters in the brain.Explain how both an agonist and an antagonist operate on a neurotransmitter.Explain the process of reuptake inhibition and the effect it has on a neurotransmitter.

Correct Answer
verified
Agonists increase the effects of a trans...
View Answer

Children who are resistant to stress are considered to be _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears to be linked to the area of the brain called the .The implications of this finding are that.

Correct Answer
verified

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) ,there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding biological influences on the development of psychopathology,the most accurate statement is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

According to the multidimensional integrative approach to psychopathology,the following statement is true for most psychological disorders:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Looking at the findings of many cross-fostering studies (Francis et al.,1999,Suomi,1999,Tienari et al.,1994) it appears that positive interventions such as good parenting in early life may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that women are more likely to suffer from insect phobias than men is most likely due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About 80% of the neurons contained in the central nervous system are located in the _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cross-fostering studies indicate that the environmental effects of early parenting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The significance of the study conducted by Insel,Champoux,Scanlan,and Scoumi (1988) in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the diathesis-stress model,"diathesis" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research with the elderly has found that depression is more likely in those individuals who

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The significance of the human cerebral cortex is that,in comparison to the brains of animals,it makes our _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to your text's discussion of how neurotransmitters such as serotonin work,the term "biochemical imbalance" for the cause of disorders such as depression is probably _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that increase the activity of a neurotransmitter are called _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

GABA,dopamine,and norepinephrine are all examples of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A one-dimensional causal model

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychoactive medications (drugs that impact our thoughts,emotions,and behavior)usually alter neurotransmitters in the brain.Explain how both an agonist and an antagonist operate on a neurotransmitter.Explain the process of reuptake inhibition and the effect it has on a neurotransmitter.

Correct AnswerverifiedAgonists increase the effects of a trans...View AnswerShow Answer

Children who are resistant to stress are considered to be _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears to be linked to the area of the brain called the __________________.The implications of this finding are that__________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the role of social factors in psychological disorders and the fact that psychological disorders are still associated with social stigma (people tend to think that the disorder is something to be ashamed of) ,there is a much greater chance that people with psychological disorders will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best description of the multidimensional integrative approach to understanding psychopathology is that it is based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding biological influences on the development of psychopathology,the most accurate statement is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Agonists increase the effects of a trans...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears to be linked to the area of the brain called the .The implications of this finding are that.

Correct Answer
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