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Police discretion is not beneficial because all statutes are current and must be enforced to the letter of the law.

A) True
B) False

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Recent studies on police use of force concluded all of the following are true except:


A) Less than half of 1% of the population actually experienced force during contact with the police.
B) In most instances, the force used was of the lower or most moderate level.
C) Suspect characteristics, such as race, were not related to the use of force.
D) Most citizens do not understand or support law enforcement.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The transformation of good people into evil people is called


A) the Noble Cause effect.
B) the integrity lapse effect.
C) the Lucifer effect.
D) the Halloween effect.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Controversy on the use of force by police is almost always discussed in terms of _______________.

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Ethical behavior by individual officers and by the department as a whole is indispensable to effective police-community partnerships.

A) True
B) False

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Paoline's study of police culture


A) supported the conventional wisdom of isolation and a "them-versus-us" worldview.
B) found that isolation and the "them-versus-us" worldview is compatible with community policing.
C) found that few officers were confident that they could gain citizens' cooperation.
D) reported that many officers have attitudes and outlooks that vary from those of traditional police culture.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The _______________ is affected by individual backgrounds,the media,and citizens' personal experiences with the criminal justice system.

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One police departments' Neighborhood-Oriented Police (NOP) program was perceived as more social work than police work and was referred to as


A) neighbors on patrol.
B) next door patrol.
C) community on patrol.
D) nobody on patrol.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Controversy over the use of force is almost always discussed in terms of


A) police-citizen interactions.
B) use of deadly force.
C) officer presence at the scene.
D) police brutality.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Community policing emphasizes


A) a wider use of police discretion.
B) tighter control over officers' use of discretion.
C) the need for officers to strictly and fairly enforce all laws in every instance.
D) solidarity of the police.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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