Question 1

Parkinson's disease is treated with

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   serotonin.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   norepinephrine.
E)   L-dopa.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and transmitted from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement your summary,indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane

Accepted Answer

A)   is random ion movement.
B)   are electrostatic gradients.
C)   are sodium-potassium pumps.
D)   both A and B
E)   both B and CF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

The one enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   L-dopa.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   acetylcholinesterase.
E)   a G protein.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)   an efflux of sodium ions.
B)   an influx of calcium ions.
C)   the sodium-potassium pump.
D)   the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
E)   the release of calcium ions from the buttons.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

The tips of intracellular recording electrodes are

Accepted Answer

A)   about the size of a neuron.
B)   too small to be seen with the naked eye.
C)   less than one thousandth of a millimeter in diameter.
D)   both B and C
E)   none of the aboveF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Cocaine and amphetamines are

Accepted Answer

A)   antischizophrenic drugs.
B)   used to treat Parkinson's disease.
C)   dopamine agonists.
D)   serotonin antagonists.
E)   dopamine antagonists.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Illustrated here is

Accepted Answer

A)   an axon hillock.
B)   a synapse.
C)   a gap junction.
D)   a dendritic spine.
E)   none of the aboveF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

During an action potential,the change in membrane potential associated with the influx of sodium ions triggers the

Accepted Answer

A)   opening of sodium channels.
B)   closing of chloride channels.
C)   opening of chloride channels.
D)   closing of potassium channels.
E)   opening of potassium channels.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Na⁺ ions are continuously forced into neurons by

Accepted Answer

A)   their high internal concentration.
B)   their high external concentration.
C)   the negative resting potential.
D)   both B and C
E)   none of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

After release,most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

Accepted Answer

A)   reuptake.
B)   synaptic enzymes.
C)   the postsynaptic receptors.
D)   deactivating enzymes.
E)   ribosomes.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Some of the morphine-like substances that occur naturally in the brain are

Accepted Answer

A)   endorphins.
B)   autoreceptors.
C)   exogenous.
D)   benzodiazepines.
E)   false transmitters.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is an endocannabinoid neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)   nitric oxide
B)   aspartate
C)   anandamide
D)   THC
E)   indolamineF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e.,neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and

Accepted Answer

A)   stored in the Golgi complex until they are broken down.
B)   released by the Golgi complex into the synapse.
C)   transported in vesicles along microtubules to the buttons.
D)   stored in ribosomes with small-molecule neurotransmitters.
E)   transported along the axons to the nodes of Ranvier.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine
B)   epinephrine
C)   L-dopa
D)   serotonin
E)   GABAF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Nondirected synapses

Accepted Answer

A)   involve the release of neurotransmitter molecules diffusely into the extracellular fluid.
B)   include string-of-beads synapses.
C)   involve the movement of neurotransmitter molecules across gap junctions.
D)   both A and B
E)   both B and CF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)   EPSPs
B)   IPSPs
C)   APs
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and BF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a monoamine?

Accepted Answer

A)   acetylcholine
B)   dopamine
C)   epinephrine
D)   serotonin
E)   norepinephrineF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Acetylcholine is created by the addition of an acetyl group to

Accepted Answer

A)   a monoamine.
B)   a soluble gas.
C)   tryptophan.
D)   an indolamine.
E)   a choline molecule.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

Which of the following is an endocannabinoid neurotransmitter?

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During an action potential,the change in membrane potential associated with the influx of sodium ions triggers the

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Nondirected synapses

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Illustrated here is

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Which of the following are membrane potentials?

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Peptide neurotransmitters (i.e.,neuropeptides) are synthesized in the cell body and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After release,most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

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Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and transmitted from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement your summary,indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

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The tips of intracellular recording electrodes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a monoamine?

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Na⁺ ions are continuously forced into neurons by

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Acetylcholine is created by the addition of an acetyl group to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contributing to the unequal distribution of ions on either side of a resting neural membrane

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some of the morphine-like substances that occur naturally in the brain are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parkinson's disease is treated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cocaine and amphetamines are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe and explain how four ionic events contribute to the typical action potential-to help organize your answer label the four arrows in this illustration with the associated ionic event.

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The one enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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