Question 1

If the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) or zone size is interpreted as intermediate using the latest Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) tables:

Accepted Answer

A)   The clinical interpretation of the result is that the patient's infecting organism should respond to therapy with that antimicrobial agent using the dosage recommended normally for that type of infection and that species.
B)   The patient's infecting organism is unlikely to be inhibited by the usually achievable concentrations of the antimicrobial agent based on the dosages normally used with that drug.
C)   The patient's infecting organism is likely to require the maximum amount of antimicrobial or more than can be achieved and for which the clinical response is likely to be less than with a susceptible strain.
D)   None of the above.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

What test uses the patient's serum,and the bacterial isolate responsible for the patient's infection,to determine the dilution of patient's serum that inhibits the bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Molecular probe
B)   Macrodilution test
C)   Serum bactericidal test
D)   Minimal bactericidal test concentrationE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

A man goes to his doctor because he has a cloudy substance dripping from his penis.A Gram stain is performed and gram-negative intracellular diplococci are observed.What is the drug of choice to treat this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gentamicin
B)   Erythromycin
C)   Vancomycin
D)   CeftriaxoneE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

What is the most widely used supplementary quality control measure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

Accepted Answer

A)   β-Lactamase testing
B)   Use of antibiograms to verify results generated on patient isolates
C)   Correlation of clinical outcomes with laboratory findings
D)   None of the aboveE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What is the most critical step in any susceptibility test?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plate streaking
B)   Organism isolation
C)   Gram stain identification
D)   Inoculum preparationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

What is the principle of the most commonly used test to detect b-lactamase production?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chromogenic cephalosporin nitrocefin
B)   Redox reaction
C)   Hydrolysis of fluorogenic substrate
D)   Reduction of acetoinE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The inhibition zone size and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are established by careful analysis of all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   Microbiologic data
B)   Pharmacokinetic data
C)   Results of clinical studies during the phase before Food and Drug Administration (FD
A)   approval
D)   Pharmacodynamic dataE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

After the plate is incubated in the Kirby-Bauer test,what occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)   The plate is tested to make sure an isolated organism grew on the plate.
B)   The diameter of each inhibition zone for each antibiotic is measured using a ruler or caliper.
C)   The amount of carbon dioxide in the plate is measured to ensure confluent organism growth.
D)   None of the above.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

When would it be appropriate for an institution to routinely test group C agents?

Accepted Answer

A)   For urinary tract infections
B)   If a particular institution routinely encounters large numbers of isolates resistant to group A and group B agents
C)   For blood cultures
D)   If a particular institution routinely encounters large numbers of isolates susceptible to group A and group B agentsE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

On what media is Kirby-Bauer testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae performed?

Accepted Answer

A)   GC agar base supplemented with various nutrients
B)   Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with vancomycin
C)   Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with X and V factors
D)   Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with biotin, X and V factorsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

How are antibiotics chosen for inclusion into laboratory antimicrobial testing protocols?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are no set standards, because physicians demand which drugs they want tested for particular bugs each time an antimicrobial susceptibility test is performed.
B)   The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)  sets the standard for drugs that must be tested for each type of specimen.
C)   It is important that the drugs tested by the laboratory match as closely as possible the institutional formulary.
D)   The patient population decides the drugs included in the laboratory's testing protocols.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Two antibiotics are contraindicated in pediatric patients.They are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Erythromycin and Augmentin
B)   Cleocin and Zithromax
C)   Tetracycline and Ceclor
D)   Tetracycline and fluoroquinolonesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Note that for some antimicrobial agents,different minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria exist for:

Accepted Answer

A)   Organisms or organism groups
B)   Anatomical sites
C)   Age groups
D)   Immune statusE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Once zone measurements have been made,the millimeter reading for each antimicrobial agent is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Sent to the physician to determine the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy for his patient
B)   Converted into minimal inhibitory concentration (MI
C)   units
C)   Interpreted as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant
D)   None of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

What automated system was originally designed for use in space?

Accepted Answer

A)   TREK ARIS
B)   MicroScan Walkaway SI
C)   BD Phoenix
D)   VITEKE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Oxacillin-resistant staphylococci can appear susceptible in vitro to other β-lactam agents such as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Quinolones
B)   Tetracyclines
C)   Cephalosporins
D)   AminoglycosidesE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

A microbiology technologist is performing a β-lactamase test on a staphylococci isolated from a hospitalized patient.The test was negative,so the technologist reported out in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test results for β-lactam antibiotics.After 2 days,the patient was not improving and the physician changed the patient's antibiotic to an aminoglycoside.The patient showed improvement immediately.Why was the β-lactamase test on the staphylococci negative,when the organism produced b-lactamase?

Accepted Answer

A)   The test was a false negative-the organism really did produce β-lactamase, but it did not react with the test.
B)   Staphylococci must be exposed to the β-lactam agent before it will produce a positive test result.
C)   The test was a false positive-the organism reacted with the test, but it did not produce a β-lactamase.
D)   The staphylococci on the plate were more than 24 hours old and false-negative test results can occur when an "old" organism is used.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

How should quality control testing occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   One specified technician should use extreme care when doing quality control testing, using special pipettes, special agar plates, and special incubators.
B)   The procedure should be followed to a T, and if any mistake is made, the test should be discarded and started again.
C)   The microbiology supervisor should perform all quality control testing.
D)   Quality control testing should be included in all the patients tested and treated like a patient specimen.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

What is the storage temperature for frozen panels?

Accepted Answer

A)   0° C
B)   -20° to -70° C
C)   -75° to -100° C
D)   273 KE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

In the Kirby-Bauer test,what is used to grow streptococci that do not grow adequately on unsupplemented Mueller-Hinton agar?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chocolate agar
B)   PEA agar
C)   Mueller-Hinton agar with 5% sheep blood
D)   Mueller-Hinton agar with 5% rabbit bloodE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 13: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

What is the most critical step in any susceptibility test?

Correct Answer
verified

What automated system was originally designed for use in space?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the most widely used supplementary quality control measure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

Correct Answer
verified

On what media is Kirby-Bauer testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae performed?

Correct Answer
verified

Once zone measurements have been made,the millimeter reading for each antimicrobial agent is:

Correct Answer
verified

A man goes to his doctor because he has a cloudy substance dripping from his penis.A Gram stain is performed and gram-negative intracellular diplococci are observed.What is the drug of choice to treat this infection?

Correct Answer
verified

How should quality control testing occur?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the storage temperature for frozen panels?

Correct Answer
verified

The inhibition zone size and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are established by careful analysis of all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

What is the principle of the most commonly used test to detect b-lactamase production?

Correct Answer
verified

Note that for some antimicrobial agents,different minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria exist for:

Correct Answer
verified

In the Kirby-Bauer test,what is used to grow streptococci that do not grow adequately on unsupplemented Mueller-Hinton agar?

Correct Answer
verified

Oxacillin-resistant staphylococci can appear susceptible in vitro to other β-lactam agents such as:

Correct Answer
verified

After the plate is incubated in the Kirby-Bauer test,what occurs?

Correct Answer
verified

If the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) or zone size is interpreted as intermediate using the latest Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) tables:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

How are antibiotics chosen for inclusion into laboratory antimicrobial testing protocols?

Correct Answer
verified

What test uses the patient's serum,and the bacterial isolate responsible for the patient's infection,to determine the dilution of patient's serum that inhibits the bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

When would it be appropriate for an institution to routinely test group C agents?

Correct Answer
verified

Two antibiotics are contraindicated in pediatric patients.They are:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

What is the most critical step in any susceptibility test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What automated system was originally designed for use in space?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most widely used supplementary quality control measure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On what media is Kirby-Bauer testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae performed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once zone measurements have been made,the millimeter reading for each antimicrobial agent is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A man goes to his doctor because he has a cloudy substance dripping from his penis.A Gram stain is performed and gram-negative intracellular diplococci are observed.What is the drug of choice to treat this infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How should quality control testing occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the storage temperature for frozen panels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inhibition zone size and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are established by careful analysis of all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the principle of the most commonly used test to detect b-lactamase production?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Note that for some antimicrobial agents,different minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) interpretive criteria exist for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Kirby-Bauer test,what is used to grow streptococci that do not grow adequately on unsupplemented Mueller-Hinton agar?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxacillin-resistant staphylococci can appear susceptible in vitro to other β-lactam agents such as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the plate is incubated in the Kirby-Bauer test,what occurs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) or zone size is interpreted as intermediate using the latest Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) tables:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are antibiotics chosen for inclusion into laboratory antimicrobial testing protocols?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What test uses the patient's serum,and the bacterial isolate responsible for the patient's infection,to determine the dilution of patient's serum that inhibits the bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When would it be appropriate for an institution to routinely test group C agents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two antibiotics are contraindicated in pediatric patients.They are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified